Introduction Of Masdar City
Dependent on oil for too long, Abu Dhabi has embarked on a bold mission to diversify its economy and embrace sustainability through the development of Masdar City. This visionary eco-city represents a significant investment of US$15 billion by the Abu Dhabi government, aimed at reducing carbon emissions, fostering renewable energy, and setting a global standard for sustainable urban development. Masdar City is more than just an architectural marvel; it’s a living laboratory for learning how to build sustainably and achieve long-term independence from oil.
Table of Contents
The Initiative
Masdar City, an ecological and sustainable urban project, began construction in 2008. Designed by Foster and Partners and developed by Masdar, a subsidiary of Mubadala Development Company, this city stands as a symbol of Abu Dhabi’s commitment to a greener future. Situated adjacent to Abu Dhabi International Airport, Masdar City is home to the headquarters of the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA).
Originally slated for completion by 2016, the city’s timeline was extended to 2020-2025 due to the global financial crisis. However, Chris Wan, head of design management at Masdar City, emphasized a flexible approach: “We will complete as fast or as slow as the rest of the economic environment of Abu Dhabi.” By 2010, the first six buildings were completed, and the estimated construction cost now ranges between US$18.7 and US$19.8 billion.
Objectives of Masdar City
Masdar City was conceived with ambitious goals:
- Greenhouse Gas Reduction: Specializing in projects aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions and developing large-scale renewable energy initiatives.
- Renewable Energy Reliance: Aiming to rely entirely on solar energy and other renewable sources for all its energy needs.
- Cleantech Hub: Establishing itself as a hub for cleantech companies, fostering innovation in environmental sustainability.
- Population and Employment: Providing homes for approximately 50,000 residents and creating facilities for 1,500 businesses, with 10,000 new jobs and 60,000 daily commuters.
- Education: Hosting the Masdar Institute of Science and Technology (MIST), a leading institution in renewable energy education, modeled after MIT.
Challenges and Public Impact
The UAE’s economy is heavily reliant on oil, and the creation of Masdar City represented a bold shift towards greener energy. The projected impact of Masdar City includes:
- Energy Efficiency: Buildings consume 40% less energy and water than standard designs, adhering to the Estidama Pearl Building Rating System.
- Renewable Energy: Nearly 1.5 gigawatts of clean energy are in operation or under development.
- Sustainable Design: Building designs reduce air conditioning demand by 55%, achieving cooler temperatures within the city.
- Innovative Solutions: The entire city is powered by a vast array of solar panels, with cutting-edge technologies like sensor-operated light switches and taps reducing electricity and water usage by half.
Masdar City has also gained recognition, being named “Best Free Zone for Start-Up Support” in 2017 by fDi magazine, underscoring its role as a nurturing ground for innovation and sustainability.
Stakeholder Engagement
Masdar City engages a diverse group of stakeholders, including Abu Dhabi residents, future inhabitants of Masdar City, and business owners. The project’s primary financial backer is the Abu Dhabi government, with additional investments from entities like Consensus Business Group, Credit Suisse, and Siemens Venture Capital. The project also receives support from global organizations such as the World Wide Fund for Nature and the sustainability group BioRegional.
Political Commitment and Public Confidence
The Abu Dhabi government’s substantial financial commitment exemplifies strong political will. Despite setbacks caused by the global recession, the government remains dedicated to Masdar City, adjusting the pace and scope of development as necessary. Public opinion is generally supportive, with 87% of UAE residents expressing satisfaction with the country’s environmental preservation efforts. However, some critics question the sustainability of constructing a new city in the desert, considering it inherently resource-intensive.
Feasibility and Management
Masdar City faced feasibility challenges, especially given its ambitious goals. Nonetheless, the project has undergone extensive feasibility studies and pilot projects, such as the Personal Rapid Transit (PRT) system and the Beam Down Project, to ensure its viability. Masdar’s management structure, with dedicated units focusing on capital, special projects, clean energy, and research, ensures a well-coordinated and expert-driven approach.
Measurement and Alignment
Masdar City tracks its progress through specific metrics, including reductions in energy consumption, water usage, and embodied carbon in construction materials. The project aligns with broader strategic goals, collaborating with government units, research institutions, and private sector partners to achieve its sustainability objectives.
Conclusion
Masdar City stands as a testament to Abu Dhabi’s forward-thinking approach to urban development and sustainability. While challenges remain, the city continues to evolve as a model for how the world can build cities that are not only environmentally sustainable but also economically viable. As Masdar City progresses, it offers valuable lessons in how to balance ambition with practicality, paving the way for future sustainable urban developments worldwide.
