Introduction Of Dhayah Fort
Dhayah Fort, a striking castle-like structure located in the northern Emirate of Ras Al Khaimah, is a testament to the region’s rich cultural heritage and strategic significance. Listed on the UNESCO World Heritage Tentative List, this fort is more than just an architectural marvel; it is a symbol of resilience and history, standing proudly amidst the arid mountains and fertile date wadis of the area.
Table of Contents
A Historic Stronghold
Dhayah Fort is the only remaining hill fort in the United Arab Emirates, a unique feature that sets it apart from other historical sites in the region. Its origins trace back to the Late Bronze Age (1600 – 1300 BC), when the site was used for settlement and fortification. The twin-peaked, golden mud-brick fortress that stands today was constructed during the 19th century and later restored in the late 1990s, preserving its historical integrity and significance.
The fort played a crucial role in the 1819 battle between British troops and the local Qawasim tribes, marking it as an important site in the history of the UAE. Climbing the 239 zigzagging steps to the top of the fort is a journey through time, offering visitors a chance to witness the spectacular views that once served as a vantage point for defenders of the land. From the summit, the panoramic vistas stretch across the lush date palm gardens, verdant lands, and towards neighboring Oman, with the sea shimmering in the distance.
The Oasis Below
At the base of the hill, a slightly larger fort can be found, which was historically used by the local inhabitants who lived and worked in the surrounding palm gardens. In times of danger, they would retreat to this fort with their animals, seeking refuge within its sturdy walls. The area is peppered with single watchtowers strategically placed throughout the fertile oasis of Dhayah, ensuring optimal communication and surveillance during periods of conflict.
The fort stands on a 70-meter high hill, rising majestically between the date palm gardens and the Jebel Jais mountains, forming the central hub of this lush oasis. Remarkably, the original watering system has remained unchanged over the centuries. This system, which collects runoff from the mountains during infrequent rains, has sustained the fertility of the area, ensuring the continued growth of date palms and other vegetation that thrive in the wadi.
Archaeological Significance
Dhayah Fort is not only a historical site but also an area of significant archaeological interest. At the base of the fort, 12 large Wadi Suq tombs dating back to between 2000 to 1300 BC have been discovered. These tombs, four of which have already been excavated, reveal impressive Southeast Arabian funerary structures that provide invaluable insights into the region’s ancient past.
The Ras Al Khaimah Department of Antiquities and Museums has ambitious plans to transform the entire area into an archaeological park, further enhancing the site’s cultural and educational value. This development will allow visitors to explore and appreciate the historical and archaeological richness of Dhayah Fort and its surroundings.
Visiting Dhayah Fort
For those planning to visit Dhayah Fort, it is important to note that the climb to the top is uneven and rocky, making it inaccessible to prams, wheelchairs, and other mobility aids. Additionally, there is no lighting along the path, so it is advisable to visit during daylight hours to fully appreciate the site and ensure safety.
Dhayah Fort offers a unique opportunity to step back in time and explore one of the UAE’s most important historical monuments. Its strategic location, historical significance, and breathtaking views make it a must-visit destination for history enthusiasts, archaeologists, and anyone interested in the cultural heritage of the United Arab Emirates.
